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Post by Allen on Jul 9, 2014 10:21:18 GMT -8
Capesaris is a novel form of ADT. It depletes testosterone in 2 ways: (1) It stimulates the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the pituitary causing the signal for testosterone production to be suppressed (2) It increases the production of Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG), which binds up free testosterone that might otherwise stimulate the androgen receptors of PC cells. Because it doesn't deplete estrogen the way Lupron or Degarelix do, it doesn't cause the same estrogen-depletion related side effects: hot flashes, bone loss, loss of insulin sensitivity, or increasing fat mass. It is an oral medication. The randomized clinical trial evaluated Capesaris against Lupron. After 2 months, Capesaris reduced both PSA and free Testosterone more than Lupron. There were fewer hot flashes, less bone loss, and less indication of insulin resistance. However, there was a higher rate of venous thromboembolic events, which is associated with estrogen therapy. This has the potential to be a game-changer in ADT. Here's a link to an abstract of the study: Selective Estrogen Receptor Alpha Agonist GTx-758 Decreases Testosterone with Reduced Side Effects of Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer
Dr. Evan Yu, who has graciously volunteered to be on the PCAF Medical Panel, was lead author of the study. Perhaps he would care to provide further insight into study findings, and the future role of Capesaris in ADT.
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Post by lowroad on Jul 10, 2014 1:42:50 GMT -8
GTx-758 is evaluated in clinical trials since 2009, so nothing new: prostatecancerinfolink.net/tag/gtx-758/Isn’t that not just another form of estrogen Therapy for Prostate Cancer? Comparing the ER-alpha Agonist GTx-758 to LUPRON® is not what I would like to see. I would prefer comparing this ER-alpha Agonist to e.g. DES, Ethinylestradiol or just Estradiol-Patches, as they are used in the UK based PATCH trial. The transdermal application of Estradiol by patches is what will avoid blood clots!
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Post by Tony Crispino on Jul 10, 2014 15:09:48 GMT -8
Evan's reply to his thoughts about Allen's post ~ via Email: "I think the assessment looks good. I don’t have any slides, but here is the manuscript. We are currently doing a study in CRPC as well. Happy to answer questions about Capesaris." Yes lowroad, this is supposed to be a safer rout than standard estrogen agents. But it is very early to say what the long term side effects are. That will take some time to verify it's safety. Attachments:GTx-758.pdf (1.08 MB)
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Post by Allen on Jul 10, 2014 22:38:39 GMT -8
Thanks for supplying the full text. This is new and potentially exciting data of its possible use for hormone-therapy naive advanced PC patients . If nothing else, I think it may cause us to pay more attention to free testosterone measurement. And I am happy to hear that trials continue for possible use with mCRPC. I have a few questions: - Will the 1.7-2.5% incidence of cardiovascular events discourage GTx from pursuing its use for hormone-therapy naive advanced PC patients?
- Do we have any indication of increased gynecomastia with it, and can that be controlled with tamoxifen without reducing its efficacy?
- Was there any indication of greater libido among those taking Capesaris vs Lupron?
- I am concerned about the effect of ERα agonists on the cancer itself, an effect that may not show up in the short term. In rat studies, activating ERα seems to have proliferative effect, while activating ERβ seems to have an antiproliferative effect. ERβ expression diminishes in advanced PC, while ERα increases. So my question is whether the effect of Capesaris or estrogens in reducing testosterone and its AR stimulation will eventually be overridden by ER stimulation of the cancer?
(btw- I think there's a small error on the first page. It reads:Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01615120. That's the ongoing study of men with mCRPC. It should be NCT01326312) lowroad, the trial of transdermal estrogen vs LHRH agonists, aptly named the PATCH trial, did very well on efficacy and safety. Based on that, it has been extended and recruitment increased.
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Post by John thompson on Jul 17, 2014 16:56:02 GMT -8
Response to Allan's question from Dr Evan Yu:
Here are my responses:
1. Will the 1.7-2.5% incidence of cardiovascular events discourage GTx from pursuing its use for hormone-therapy naive advanced PC patients?
No. After the CRPC trial, there should be data on a carefully screened population for hypercoagulable disorders, using lower doses of GTx-758 and with aspirin prophylaxis. If all looks reasonably safe, I suspect GTx will plan to launch another trial for hormone-therapy naïve prostate cancer.
2. Do we have any indication of increased gynecomastia with it, and can that be controlled with tamoxifen without reducing its efficacy?
This has not been fully analyzed and reported. I suspect we will gather more data from the CRPC trial. Cannot comment on the tamoxifen idea, but that would require a combination trial, an IND and all sorts of clinical trial design complications that would be far beyond the scope of what has been done to date.
3. Was there any indication of greater libido among those taking Capesaris vs Lupron?
I do not believe that was sought out.
4. I am concerned about the effect of ER? agonists on the cancer itself, an effect that may not show up in the short term. In rat studies, activating ER? seems to have proliferative effect, while activating ER? seems to have an antiproliferative effect. ER? expression diminishes in advanced PC, while ER? increases. So my question is whether the effect of Capesaris or estrogens in reducing testosterone and its AR stimulation will eventually be overridden by ER stimulation of the cancer?
Not known but we should get a good indicator if patients don't have good responses in the more advanced patient population in the CRPC trial.
Hope that helps.
Evan
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